vulgus Latin · revision 18079

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=190–159 BC, Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwʊɫ.ɡʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvul.ɡus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vulgus''' ''n sg'' or m sg (genitive vulgī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The older spelling is ''volgus''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ It is usually neuter, but Accius, Lucretius, Virgil, Livy and others have the masculine accusative ''vulgum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan says it may go back to [[itc-pro|*wolgo-]] or [[m|itc-pro|*welgos-]], with no further etymology.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD and Lewis & Short compare [[sa|वर्ग|tr=varga|t=group, division]] and [[xbm|gwalch|t=abundance]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary and Köbler suggest [[ine-pro|*welH-|t=to throng, press]], with [[cy|gwala|t=sufficiency]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Terence,^(de Vaan 2008) and the OLD's first quotation is Terence's ''vītam tuam … omniumque adeō vostrārum vulgus'', “your life and that of the common run of all you women”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler records it in Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Vulgus'' is “the common people, the general public”, and ''in vulgus'' “publicly” (with ''ēdere'', to make known).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is a particular crowd of ordinary people, usually with a slighting tone, a flock of animals (Virgil of sheep), and the members of a class as a whole.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “multitude, common people, crowd, public”.^(Stelten 1995) From it come the adverb [[m|la|vulgō|t=commonly]], the verb ''vulgāre'' “to make public” and [[m|la|vulgāris|t=common]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''omniumque adeō vostrārum vulgus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius has the masculine ''vulgum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of a flock of sheep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The common people, the [[m|en|public]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|crowd]], [[m|en|throng]], the mob.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A flock or herd (of animals).^(OLD 2012)

+ # The members of a class as a whole.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[vulgāris]]

+ * [[vulgārius]]

+ * [[vulgivagus]]

+ * [[vulgō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vulgāritās]]

+ * [[vulgāriter]]

+ * [[vulgātē]]

+ * [[vulgātor]]

+ * [[vulgātus]]

+ * [[plēbs]]

+ * [[en|vulgar]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short compare ''plēbs'' and ''turba''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}