monumentum Latin · revision 18073

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *men-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [mɔ.nʊˈmɛn.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [mo.nuˈmɛn.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''monumentum''' ''n'' (genitive monumentī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''monimentum''; an inscription has ''monementum'', and some have a masculine ''monumentus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|moneō|-mentum|t1=to remind, warn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan traces [[m|la|moneō]] to [[itc-pro|*moneje-]] and [[ine-pro|*mon-eie-|t=to make think of, remind]], a causative of [[ine-pro|*men-|t=to think]], cognate with [[sa|मानयति|tr=mānáyati|t=to honour]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who says a man should raise children ''generī monumentum et sibi'', “as a memorial for his family and himself”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Monumentum'' is anything that keeps a memory alive: a statue, trophy or building raised to commemorate a person or event, “a monument”, and especially a tomb (Terence: treasure found in the family tomb).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is a public building such as a temple or library, a memorial in general, a token or reminder, and an example.^(OLD 2012) It is also a written record or document, ''annālium monumenta'', “annals”, the recorded traditions of the past, and a literary work, a history (Cicero, Livy).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “monument, grave, sepulchre, record”;^(Stelten 1995) in medieval Latin it is a graveyard and the municipal records.^(Niermeyer 1976) English [[m|en|monument]] comes from it, first as “a sepulchre”, in the late 13th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''generī monumentum et sibi''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of the family tomb.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''ex annālium monumentīs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 13th century – English [[m|en|monument]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|monument]], memorial (a statue, building, trophy).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|tomb]], sepulchre.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A commemorative public building.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A reminder, token; an example.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A written record, document, ''(plural)'' recorded tradition.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A literary work; a history.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A graveyard.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[monumentālis]]

+ * [[monumentārius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[moneō]]

+ * [[mōnstrum]]

+ * [[admoneō]]

+ * [[en|monument]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}