confiteor Latin · revision 18066

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *bʰeh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kõːˈfɪ.te.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [koɱˈfiː.te.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnfiteor''' (present infinitive cōnfitērī or cōnfitērier, perfect active cōnfessus sum); second conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the archaic infinitive ''cōnfitērier''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|con-|fateor|t2=to admit, acknowledge]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|fateor]] to [[itc-pro|*fat-ē-]], from [[ine-pro|*bʰh₂-to-|t=spoken]], from the root [[ine-pro|*bʰeh₂-|t=to speak]], cognate with [[osc|fatíum|t=to speak]];^(de Vaan 2008) he reports Ernout and Meillet's view that this compound and [[m|la|profiteor|t=to declare]] are older than the simple verb.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008) In Plautus a captive tells his master ''tibi est cōnfessus vērum'', “he has told you the truth”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Cōnfitērī'' is “to admit” a fact, “to acknowledge” the truth of a charge, and “to confess” a crime or fault (Cicero: a wrong you could neither deny nor defend); in poetry it is to admit defeat.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is also “to reveal, show” by an act or by one's face (Ovid: ''cōnfessa … vultibus īram'', “showing anger in her face”), and of things “to be evidence of”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In Church Latin it means “to praise, give thanks” as well as “to confess”, and ''Cōnfiteor'' is the prayer in which one admits one's sins and asks pardon.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary) English [[m|en|confess]] comes, through Old French, from a Vulgar Latin verb formed on its past participle ''cōnfessus'', in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables use it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''tibi est cōnfessus vērum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid: ''cōnfessa … vultibus īram''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|confess]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|admit]], acknowledge.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|confess]] (a crime or fault).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To reveal, show; to be evidence of.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To [[m|en|praise]], give thanks.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' ''Cōnfiteor'', a prayer confessing sin and asking pardon.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cōnfessiō]]

+ * [[cōnfessor]]

+ * [[confessum]]

+ * [[cōnfessus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[diffiteor]]

+ * [[fateor]]

+ * [[prōfiteor]]

+ * [[en|confess]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}