aeger Latin · revision 18057

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *aigro-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈae̯.ɡɛr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.d͡ʒer]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aeger''' (feminine aegra, neuter aegrum, comparative aegrior, superlative aegerrimus, adverb aegrē); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan reconstructs [[inh|itc-pro|*aigro-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂eig-ro-]], but gives no cognates; he finds the link with Tocharian A [[m|xto|ekär|t=empty]] less probable because of the meaning.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD calls the origin doubtful,^(OLD 2012) and the TLL tentatively compares [[lv|īgt|t=to be sullen]].^(TLL) Köbler cites Pokorny's [[ine-pro|*aig-|t=ill-humoured]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has ''nunc tibi opust aegram ut tē adsimulēs'', “now you must pretend to be ill”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Aeger'' is “ill, sick”, of the body or a part of it “diseased, injured”, with the cause in the ablative (Cicero: ''hominēs aegrī morbō gravī''), and of health, of old age and of tainted air.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is “weary, faint” (Virgil: we sink down exhausted in mid-effort) and “weak”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Of the mind it is “troubled, anxious, sick at heart” (Ennius: ''animus aeger semper errat'', “a sick mind always goes astray”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Seneca applies it to a corrupt state and a depraved mind, and Lucretius to painful, laboured sounds, the ''vāgītūs aegrī'' of infants.^(OLD 2012) As a noun it is “a sick person, patient”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “sick, ill”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''aegram ut tē adsimulēs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''animus aeger semper errat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''hominēs aegrī morbō gravī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar has the noun, “a sick man”.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|ill]], [[m|en|sick]]; diseased, injured.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Weary, faint; weak.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Troubled, [[m|en|anxious]], sick at heart.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Corrupt, unsound; depraved.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Laboured, painful.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A sick person, [[m|en|patient]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aegreō]]

+ * [[aegritūdō]]

+ * [[aegror]]

+ * [[aegrōtus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aegrē]]

+ * [[aegrōtō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}