promptus Latin · revision 18052

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁em-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈproːmp.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔmp.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōmptus''' (feminine prōmpta, neuter prōmptum, comparative prōmptior, superlative prōmptissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is sometimes spelled ''promtus'', especially in early editions.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The noun ''prōmptus'' (fourth declension) is used almost only in the ablative, ''in prōmptū''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective is the perfect passive participle of [[m|la|prōmō|t=to bring out]], and the noun is formed from the same verb with the suffix [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|prōmō]] is [[m|la|prō-|t=forth]] and [[m|la|emō|t=to take]],^(Wiktionary) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*eme/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁em-e/o-|t=to take]], cognate with [[lt|imti|t=to take]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler first records it in Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The adjective ''prōmptus'' is “ready to hand, available” (Cicero), “plainly visible, manifest”, and of tasks “easy, practicable”, with ''prōmptum est'' “it is easy”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Of people it is “quick, prompt, active, keen”, of qualities “ready” (Sallust: ''prōmptam audāciam''), of speech “fluent”, and “quick to help”; with ''ad'' or ''in'' it is “inclined to, ready for”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ The noun lives on in the phrase ''in prōmptū'', “at hand, at one's disposal” (Accius), “in full view” (Cicero: nature put the honourable parts of the body ''in prōmptū''), “obvious”, and “within one's power”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses the adjective “prompt, willing, visible, quick” and the noun “visibility, readiness”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|prompt]] comes from the adjective in the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius: ''in prōmptū''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''in prōmptū'', “in full view”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust: ''prōmptam audāciam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English [[m|en|prompt]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Ready to hand, [[m|en|available]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Visible, [[m|en|manifest]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Easy, practicable.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Quick, [[m|en|prompt]], ready, keen; fluent.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Inclined (to), ready (for).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(in prōmptū)'' At hand; in view; within one's power.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[promptuārius]]

+ * [[imprōmptus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[prōmō]]

+ * [[emō]]

+ * [[prōmptē]]

+ * [[en|prompt]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}