everto Latin · revision 18045

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *wert-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [eːˈwɛr.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [eˈvɛr.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēvertō''' (present infinitive ēvertere, perfect active ēvertī, supine ēversum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus, Accius and Sallust have the older spelling ''ēvortō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ex-|vertō|t1=out|t2=to turn]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|vertō]] to [[itc-pro|*wert-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*wert-e/o-|t=to turn]], cognate with [[sa|वर्तते|tr=vártate|t=turns]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus calls a man ''ēvortēs … hominēs fundīs, familiīs'', “you who turn people out of their farms and households”, and Terence has ''ēversās cervīcēs'', “a neck thrown back”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Ēvertere'' is “to turn upside down” (Varro of soil turned over), “to throw back” the head, “to churn up” the sea (Virgil: Pallas ''ēvertit … aequora ventīs'') and the soil.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is “to overturn” a statue or a ship, “to throw down” a person or animal, “to fell” trees, and “to overthrow, sack” a town (the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'': the Roman people destroyed Fregellae).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Figuratively it is “to ruin” a person's fortunes (Cicero), “to overthrow” institutions or plans, “to refute” an argument, and with the ablative “to turn out” of one's property.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “to overthrow, overturn, make void, pervert, destroy”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|evert]] comes from it in the 1530s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ēvortēs … hominēs fundīs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''ēversās cervīcēs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''fortūnās funditus ēvertere''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English [[m|en|evert]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To turn upside down; to throw back; to churn up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|overturn]], throw down; to fell.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To overthrow, [[m|en|destroy]], sack (a town).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To ruin; to overthrow (institutions); to refute.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To turn out, [[m|en|expel]] (from property).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ēversiō]]

+ * [[ēversor]]

+ * [[ēversus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vertō]]

+ * [[subvertō]]

+ * [[en|evert]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}