intus Latin · revision 18032

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁entós}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɪn.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈin.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''intus''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*entos|t=inside]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₁entós|t=(from) inside]], formed from the root of [[m|la|in|t=in]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) The OLD and Wiktionary analyse it as the preposition with the adverb ending [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[grc|ἐντός|tr=entós|t=within]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has ''ecquis alius Sōsia intust quī meī similis siet?'', “is there another Sosia inside who looks like me?”.^(OLD 2012) Ennius has ''lātē specus intus patēbat'', “inside, the cave opened wide”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Intus'' is “inside, within” (Caesar: with the enemy inside and outside), “at home, indoors”, “within the town”, “in the interior” of a country (Varro), and “inside the body” (Cato).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) In early Latin it also means “from within” (Plautus: ''intus pateram prōfertō forās'', “bring the bowl out from inside”), and in Lucretius and later “inwards”, a use later grammarians rejected in favour of ''intrō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Figuratively it is “in the mind, privately”, and ''intus canere'', “to sing to oneself”, became a byword for self-interest (Cicero).^(OLD 2012) Apuleius uses it as a preposition with the genitive, after Greek ἐντός.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “within, inside, inwardly”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ecquis alius Sōsia intust?''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''lātē specus intus patēbat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it for “inwards”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius: ''intus aedium''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|inside]], [[m|en|within]]; at home, indoors.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # In the interior (of a country); internally.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(early Latin)'' From within.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Inwards, to the inside.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # In the mind, privately; inwardly.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ===Preposition===

+ # ''(with genitive or ablative)'' Inside.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[deintus]]

+ * [[intestīnus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[in]]

+ * [[intrā]]

+ * [[intrō]]

+ * [[intimus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore of Seville says that the ancients called the anvil ''intus'' rather than ''incūs'', because metal is beaten on it (''intundere'').^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}