veritas Latin · revision 18028

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=ine-pro *weh₁-ro-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈweː.rɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɛː.ri.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vēritās''' ''f'' (genitive vēritātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|vērus|-tās|t1=true]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|vērus]] to [[itc-pro|*wēro-]] and [[ine-pro|*weh₁-ro-|t=true]], cognate with [[sga|fír|t=true]] and [[goh|wār|t=true]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Terence has the maxim ''obsequium amīcōs, vēritās odium parit'', “compliance wins friends, truthfulness breeds hatred”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler first records it in Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Vēritās'' is “actuality” (Cicero: the eternal truth of future things, which the Stoics call fate), what really exists, “real life, reality” (''in vēritāte'', in real cases, as opposed to school exercises), and the true nature of a thing; in law it is the real value.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is “truth”, the quality of agreeing with the facts, and “the truth” itself, with ''vēritāte'' “in fact”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Of persons it is “truthfulness, frankness” (Terence), personified as a goddess (Horace: ''nūda Vēritās''), and “honesty, sincerity” (Cicero: friendship is kept by sincerity, partnership by good faith).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It is also accuracy in reporting and strict correctness, as of pronunciation (Cicero: ''cōnsule vēritātem'', “consult the rule”).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “truth, fidelity, accuracy, correctness”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval Latin it is also the truth in a lawsuit, established by sworn witnesses.^(Niermeyer 1976) English [[m|en|verity]] comes from it through Old French in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''obsequium amīcōs, vēritās odium parit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''sempiternam rērum futūrārum vēritātem''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace: ''nūda Vēritās''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|verity]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|reality]], actuality; real life.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The true nature (of a thing); ''(law)'' the real value.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|truth]]; the truth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Truthfulness, frankness; honesty, sincerity.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Accuracy; correctness.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The truth of a case established by sworn witnesses.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ===Proper noun===

+ # ''Vēritās'', Truth as a goddess.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vērus]]

+ * [[vērē]]

+ * [[vērāx]]

+ * [[en|verity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}