iuventus Latin · revision 18025

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂yuh₁en-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [jʊˈwɛn.tuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [juˈvɛn.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iuventūs''' ''f'' (genitive iuventūtis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also written ''juventūs''; inscriptions have ''iov-'' and ''iuen-''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|iuvenis|-tūs|t1=young]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan finds it older than [[m|la|iuventa]] and [[m|la|iuventās]], and traces [[m|la|iuvenis]] to [[itc-pro|*juwen-|t=young]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂iu-h₁en-|t=having vital force, young]], cognate with [[sa|युवन्|tr=yúvan|t=young]] and [[lt|jaunas|t=young]].^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary compares [[cel-pro|*yuwantūts|t=youth]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) whose parasite says ''iuventūs nōmen fēcit Pēniculō mihī'', “the young men named me Peniculus”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Iuventūs'' is first “the young men” collectively, and especially the men of military age, the soldiery (Ennius: ''accēdit mūrōs Rōmāna iuventūs'').^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''Prīnceps iuventūtis'' was a title of leaders of the knights, later of the emperor's sons.^(OLD 2012) Poets use it of young animals (Virgil of a young swarm of bees).^(OLD 2012) It is also “the age of youth”, reckoned from twenty to forty, and its qualities (Cicero: things done by youth and strength), and as a goddess, ''Iuventūs'', Youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''iuventūs nōmen fēcit Pēniculō mihī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''accēdit mūrōs Rōmāna iuventūs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the deeds of youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of young bees.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Young men, the [[m|en|youth]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Men of military age, the soldiery.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The young (of animals).^(OLD 2012)

+ # The age of youth; youthful vigour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Proper noun===

+ # ''Iuventūs'', the goddess of youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iuvenis]]

+ * [[iuventa]]

+ * [[iūnior]]

+ * [[Iūnō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}