protinus Latin · revision 18012

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la prō, la tenus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈproː.tɪ.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔː.ti.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōtinus''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''prōtenus'', and Afranius has ''prōtenis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|prō|t=forward]] and [[m|la|tenus|t=as far as]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) The TLL suggests it began in phrases such as ⟨*prō tenus īre⟩, with an old noun ⟨tenus⟩ “the length of a way”, and that the link with [[m|la|hāctenus]] and [[m|la|quātenus]] kept its vowel from being weakened.^(TLL) Wiktionary connects that word with [[ine-pro|*ten-|t=to stretch]], as in [[m|la|tendō|t=to stretch out]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it of going straight on.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Lewis & Short note that the spatial sense, “forward, farther on”, is rare.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Prōtinus'' is first “forward, straight on” from a point (Caesar, Virgil), also of continuing a process, and “directly on, from there on” in space.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Its common sense is temporal: “immediately, at once” (''prōtinus ut'', as soon as) and “from the very start”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Quintilian also uses it for “by the same act, at the same time” and of a necessary consequence, “automatically”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin refers it to the spelling ''prōtenus''.^(Stelten 1995) Lewis & Short give ''statim'', ''continuō'' and ''āctūtum'' as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of going straight on.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for “immediately”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian: “at the same time”, “necessarily”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Forward, straight on, [[m|en|onward]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Directly on, from there on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|immediately]], at once, forthwith; from the start.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Continuously, without a break.^(Wiktionary)

+ # At the same time; necessarily.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[protinam]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tenus]]

+ * [[statim]]

+ * [[continuō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}