sin Latin · revision 17985

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la sī}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsiːn]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsin]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sīn''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ An old spelling ''sein'' is found.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|sī|t=if]] and the particle [[m|la|-ne]], shortened.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who, after a condition with ''sī'', continues ''sīn aliter sient animātī'', “but if they are minded otherwise”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Sīn'' introduces a conditional clause that contrasts with one already stated, “but if, if however”, usually after ''sī'', ''nisi'', ''quandō'' or ''dum'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) L&S note that it belongs to good prose.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It also follows other constructions, “but if (despite what has been said)”.^(OLD 2012) Cicero writes ''sīn aliter acciderit'', “but if it turns out otherwise”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “but if, if however, if not”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''sīn aliter sient animātī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''sīn aliter acciderit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # But if, if however, if on the contrary.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sī]]

+ * [[nisi]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ In Church Latin ''sin'' is also the name of the twenty-first letter of the Hebrew alphabet,^(Stelten 1995) a word from Hebrew meaning “tooth”.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}