excito Latin · revision 17970

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ḱei-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛks.kɪ.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛks.t͡ʃi.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''excitō''' (present infinitive excitāre, perfect active excitāvī, supine excitātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The OLD forms it [[af|la|ex-|citō|t1=out|t2=to set in motion]];^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary and L&S take it as the frequentative of [[m|la|exciō|t=to call out, rouse]].^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Both go back to [[m|la|cieō|t=to set in motion]], which was replaced in classical Latin by the frequentative [[m|la|citō]];^(de Vaan 2008) de Vaan derives it from [[itc-pro|*ki-eje-]] and an aorist [[ine-pro|*ḱei-|t=to start to move]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD cites Plautus: ''mē quī hōc noctis ā portū … excitāvit'', “who fetched me from the harbour at this time of night”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Excitāre'' is “to cause to move” from rest, in hunting “to put up, flush” game, and “to rouse from sleep, wake” (Cicero: ''dormientem excitāre'', “to wake a sleeping man”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is “to call or fetch out”, and of physical forces “to set in motion, cause to break out” (Lucretius: the force of the blow strikes fire).^(OLD 2012) It is “to rouse to activity, stir, encourage” (Cicero: your letter roused him greatly), “to stir up, provoke” trouble, “to heighten, sharpen”, and “to raise, build”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “excite, stimulate, kindle, appeal to, raise up”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|excite]] (mid-14th century, “to stir up”) comes from it, directly or through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ā portū … excitāvit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''quantum malī ex eā rē excitēs?''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of fire struck by a blow.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|excite]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To rouse, put up (game); to cause to move.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To wake, [[m|en|awaken]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To call out, [[m|en|summon]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To set in motion, cause to break out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|excite]], stir, encourage, stimulate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To stir up, [[m|en|provoke]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To heighten, sharpen.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To raise; to build.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[excitabilis]]

+ * [[excitātiō]]

+ * [[excitator]]

+ * [[inexcītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cieō]]

+ * [[citō]]

+ * [[exciō]]

+ * [[en|excite]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}