dono Latin · revision 17963

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *deh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdoː.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɔː.no]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dōnō''' (present infinitive dōnāre, perfect active dōnāvī, supine dōnātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is derived from [[m|la|dōnum|t=gift]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) [[m|la|dōnum]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*dōno-|t=gift]] and [[ine-pro|*deh₃-no-|t=gift]] (or ⟨*doh₃-no-⟩), from the root of [[m|la|dō|t=to give]].^(de Vaan 2008) Oscan and Venetic have verbs of the same kind, so the derivation may go back to Proto-Italic, but they may also be separate creations of each language.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|dunat|t=gives]], [[xve|donasto|t=gave]] and [[osc|dunúm|t=gift]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who has ''adduxī ancillās tibi … duās, īs tē dōnō'', “I have brought you two maids, I present you with them”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Dōnāre'' is “to present, reward someone with something” (accusative of the person, ablative of the thing), and “to give, grant something to someone” (dative of the person); ''dōnāre cīvitāte'' is to make someone a citizen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is used of non-material things, of a field “yielding” a crop, and of handing over or devoting something (Cicero: a life ''patriae dōnāta'', “given to the country”).^(OLD 2012) It also means “to remit, waive” a debt or claim, and “to excuse, forgive” faults.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “give, grant, forgive, remit a debt”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''īs tē dōnō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''vīta … patriae dōnāta''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca the Elder and Seneca use it of forgiving faults.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|present]], reward (someone with something).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To give, [[m|en|grant]] (something to someone).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''dōnāre cīvitāte'': to grant [[m|en|citizenship]].^(Wiktionary)

+ # To consign, devote; to give up, sacrifice.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|remit]], waive (a debt or claim).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To excuse, [[m|en|forgive]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[condōnō]]

+ * [[dōnābilis]]

+ * [[dōnāticus]]

+ * [[dōnātiō]]

+ * [[dōnātīvum]]

+ * [[dōnātor]]

+ * [[donatrix]]

+ * [[indonatus]]

+ * [[redōnō]]

+ * [[perdōnō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dō]]

+ * [[dōnum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}