unde Latin · revision 17952

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kʷu-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈʊn.dɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈun.de]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''unde''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[ubī]] “where” as [[inde]] “thence” is to [[ibi]] “there”.^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary derives it from an earlier ⟨*cunde⟩, from the stem of [[quī]] with a demonstrative suffix ⟨*-de⟩, the ⟨c⟩ being lost as in ⟨ubī⟩ and kept after a vowel in [[alicunde]] and [[sīcunde]].^(Wiktionary) Köbler refers it to the PIE interrogative stem [[ine-pro|*kʷu-]].^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨ubī⟩ from [[itc-pro|*kʷuþei]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) in whose ''Bacchides'' one character asks where a woman comes from: ''unde eam esse aiunt?'' – ''ex Samō'', “where do they say she is from?” – “from Samos”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Unde'' asks and relates “from where, whence”, then “from whom”, “from what source or cause”, “from what family or rank”, and of words and customs “from what origin”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) As a relative it stands for ''ex'', ''ab'' or ''dē'' with a relative pronoun, “from whom, from which”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''Unde fit'' means “hence it happens that”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “whence, wherefore, whereupon, from whom”.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin it also means “by which” and “concerning which”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''unde eam esse aiunt?'';^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) ''bonum habē animum'' – ''unde habeam?'', “cheer up” – “where am I to get it from?”^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''nec enim inde venit, unde māllem'', “it did not come from where I would have liked”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace: ''unde quō vēnī?'', “from what to what have I come?”^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # From where, [[m|en|whence]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # From whom.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # From what source or cause; how; wherefore.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # From what family or rank.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(relative)'' From which, from whom; by means of which.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Concerning which.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[undeunde]]

+ * [[undecumque]]

+ * [[undelibet]]

+ * [[alicunde]]

+ * [[aliunde]]

+ * [[nēcunde]]

+ * [[sīcunde]]

+ * [[undique]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ubī]]

+ * [[inde]]

+ * [[quō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}