magistratus Latin · revision 17951

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *meǵh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ma.ɡɪsˈtraː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ma.d͡ʒisˈtraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''magistrātus''' ''m'' (genitive magistrātūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ An early inscription has ''macisteratus''.^(OLD 2012)

+ A contracted ''magistrās'' occurs in an inscription.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|magister|-ātus]], “the office of a master”; the TLL allows also a verb ⟨magisterāre⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan lists [[m|la|magister]] “master, commander” among the derivatives of [[magnus]] “great”, from [[ine-pro|*m̥ǵ-no-]]; the root is [[m|ine-pro|*meǵh₂-|t=great]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus.^(Köbler 2010) An early law in an inscription has ''seive magistratus volet moltare'', “or if a magistrate wishes to fine”, and Cato speaks of someone who had held a curule magistracy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Magistrātus'' is first the office, a magistracy (''magistrātum petere'', to stand for office), and then the holder, a magistrate;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''prō magistrātū'' is one acting in place of a magistrate.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “magistrate, high official, civil office”.^(Stelten 1995) In Medieval Latin, from ''magister'' “teacher”, it is also teaching and the office of a schoolmaster.^(Niermeyer 1976) English [[m|en|magistrate]] (late 14th century) came through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Used by Plautus.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato: ''quī magistrātum curūlem cēpisset''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of a magistracy being taken away from someone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|magistrate]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|magistracy]], public office.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|magistrate]], official;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''prō magistrātū'', a pro-magistrate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Teaching; the office of schoolmaster.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[magister]]

+ * [[magisterium]]

+ * [[magnus]]

+ * [[en|magistrate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}