paratus Latin · revision 17931

+ {{homograph|1|ready}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *perh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [paˈraː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [paˈraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parātus''' (feminine parāta, neuter parātum, comparative parātior, superlative parātissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adjective is the past participle of [[parō]] “to prepare, provide”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) De Vaan derives [[m|la|parō]] from [[itc-pro|*parāje-]] and takes it, like most scholars, as a verb made from a noun ⟨*paro-⟩, from [[ine-pro|*prh₃-o-|t=providing]];^(de Vaan 2008) Rix's derivation from ⟨*prHye-⟩ does not fit his sound laws.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius has ''prō bonā parātam glōriam'', “glory ready at hand for a good life”.^(OLD 2012) Plautus has ''face id ut parātum iam sit'', “see that it is ready now”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Parātus'' is “ready to hand, available”, of things “prepared, ready for use”, and of persons “ready, prepared” through training or equipment.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) It also means morally or mentally ready for something (Cicero: ''tam ācrem, tam audācem, tam parātum'', “so keen, so bold, so ready”).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it means “decorated” and “in liturgical vestments”, and ''parāta pecūnia'' or ''parātī dēnāriī'' is ready money, cash.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''parātam glōriam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''face id ut parātum iam sit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''tam ācrem, tam audācem, tam parātum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Ready to hand, available.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|ready]], prepared (for use or action).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of persons)'' Ready, [[m|en|prepared]], equipped.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Ready in mind (for an action or experience).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Decorated; in liturgical vestments;^(Niermeyer 1976) ''parāta pecūnia'', cash.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ {{homograph|2|preparation}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *perh₃-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [paˈraː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [paˈraː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''parātus''' ''m'' (genitive parātūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The ablative singular ''parātū'' is by far the commonest form.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The noun is formed [[af|la|parō|-tus]], an action noun of the verb “to prepare”, like [[apparātus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero speaks of wise men who need no ''necessārium vītae cultum aut parātum'', “necessary care or provision for life”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates it from Cicero.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Parātus'' is the act of preparing, “preparation” (Tacitus: ''Vitelliī parātūs nōscēbantur'', “Vitellius' preparations became known”), and in the singular and plural “equipment, trappings, provision”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''necessārium vītae cultum aut parātum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus: ''Vitelliī parātūs nōscēbantur''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|preparation]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Equipment, trappings, provision.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[parō]]

+ * [[apparātus]]

+ * [[imparātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}