amnis Latin · revision 17926

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *h₂ebʰ-n-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈam.nɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈam.nis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''amnis''' ''m'' (genitive amnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is masculine, but feminine in Plautus, Naevius, Accius and Varro.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*afni-|t=river]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂ebʰ-n-|t=river]], an n-stem with an added ⟨*-i-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The root is [[m|ine-pro|*h₂ebʰ-|t=water, river]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) The OLD compares, with hesitation, [[sa|आपः|tr=ā́paḥ|t=waters]].^(OLD 2012) Varro explained the word as a river that flows round something.^(TLL)

+

+ Cognate with [[sga|aub|t=river]], [[sga|abann|t=river]], [[wlm|afon]], [[hit|hapa-|t=river]] and [[sq|amë|t=river]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Ennius has ''cōnstitēre amnēs perennēs'', “the ever-flowing rivers stood still”, and Plautus ''ad caput amnis, quod dē caelō exoritur sub soliō Iovis'', “to the source of the river that rises from the sky under Jupiter's throne”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Amnis'' is a river, especially a large one, and the stream or current of a river (''secundō amne'', “downstream”, ''adversō amne'', “upstream”), also a current of the sea.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Poets use it for water, especially running water, and for a stream of any other fluid, such as blood or smoke.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Döderlein says ''[[fluvius]]'' and ''[[flūmen]]'' are ordinary streams, ''amnis'' a great and mighty river, like Greek ''potamós''.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Used by Naevius (as a feminine).^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''cōnstitēre amnēs perennēs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ad caput amnis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of boiling water in a cauldron.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|river]], a large stream.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A current;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''secundō amne'', downstream;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''adversō amne'', upstream.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(poetic)'' Water, running water.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A stream (of any fluid).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[amnensis]]

+ * [[amnicola]]

+ * [[amniculus]]

+ * [[amnicus]]

+ * [[interamnus]]

+ * [[peremnis]]

+ * [[amnigena]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[flūmen]]

+ * [[fluvius]]

+ * [[rīvus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}