taceo Latin · revision 17924

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *tHk-eh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈta.ke.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtaː.t͡ʃe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''taceō''' (present infinitive tacēre, perfect active tacuī, supine tacitum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*takē-|t=to be silent]], [[inh|ine-pro|*tHk-eh₁-|t=to be silent]] (Wiktionary: ⟨*teh₂k-⟩).^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan rejects the view of LIV and Klingenschmitt that the Latin and Germanic words belong with [[grc|πτήσσω|tr=ptḗssō|t=to cower]]; the Greek and Armenian words mean something else and go better with ⟨*pet-⟩ “to fall”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[xum|tases|t=tacit]], [[got|𐌸𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽|tr=þahan|t=to be silent]], [[non|þegja]] and [[goh|dagēn]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius,^(de Vaan 2008) who has ''quid sī taceās?'', “what if you kept quiet?”.^(OLD 2012) Plautus has ''quid nunc tacēs? tēcum loquor'', “why are you silent now? I'm talking to you”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Tacēre'' is “to be silent, say nothing”, “to stop speaking”, and of things “to be silent, still” (Catullus: ''cum tacet nox'', “when the night is still”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Transitively it is “to keep quiet about, pass over in silence” (Plautus: ''tacēre nequeō sōlus quod sciō'', “I can't keep to myself what I know”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Its past participle is ''[[tacitus]]''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Döderlein contrasts ''[[sileō|alt=silēre]]'', to be still as opposed to making noise, with ''tacēre'', to be silent as opposed to speaking.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it “be silent, be dumb, not speak”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|tacit]] (c. 1600) comes from ''tacitus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius: ''quid sī taceās?''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''quid nunc tacēs?'';^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) ''tacēre nequeō sōlus quod sciō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus: ''cum tacet nox''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|tacit]], from the participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|silent]], say nothing, hold one's tongue.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To stop speaking.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be still, quiet (of things).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To keep quiet about, pass over in silence.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[conticeō]]

+ * [[obticeō]]

+ * [[reticeō]]

+ * [[subtacitus]]

+ * [[tacitulus]]

+ * [[taciturio]]

+ * [[taciturnus]]

+ * [[tacitē]]

+ * [[tacitus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[taciturnitās]]

+ * [[sileō]]

+ * [[en|tacit]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}