etenim Latin · revision 17917

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=190–159 BC, Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛ.tɛ.nĩː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.te.nim]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''etenim''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ Vitruvius and perhaps others separate it as ''et … enim''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[et]] “and” and [[enim]] “for, indeed”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan derives ⟨enim⟩ from the accusative of a pronoun [[itc-pro|*eno-|t=that one]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Terence uses it in a parenthesis: ''etenim bene lubenter victitās'', “and indeed you live very happily”.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Lucretius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Etenim'' adds an explanation or confirmation of what has been said, “for, and indeed, since”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Cicero uses it to introduce rhetorical questions and particular examples supporting a general claim, and it also introduces a parenthesis.^(OLD 2012) It normally stands first in its sentence, but poets and later prose often put it second.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that it is not frequent before the classical period, especially Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''etenim bene lubenter victitās''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''etenim quis tam dissolūtō animō est…?'', “for who is so careless…?”^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace places it third in its sentence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # [[m|en|for]], and indeed, since, because.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # As a matter of fact, for instance.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[et]]

+ * [[enim]]

+ * [[namque]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}