eripio Latin · revision 17902

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *rapi-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [eːˈrɪ.pi.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [eˈriː.pi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ēripiō''' (present infinitive ēripere, perfect active ēripuī, supine ēreptum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus has the perfect ''ērupuī'', and Manilius the participle ''ēruptus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ex-|rapiō|t2=to seize]], “to snatch out”, with the vowel weakened in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|rapiō]] from [[itc-pro|*rapi-|t=to seize]] and a PIE zero grade [[ine-pro|*h₁rp-i-]], perhaps of a root [[m|ine-pro|*h₁rep-]]; he compares [[grc|ἐρέπτομαι|tr=eréptomai|t=to devour, snatch away]] and [[sq|rjep|t=to tear off, rob]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan lists it among the Plautine compounds of ''rapiō''.^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus uses it of tearing out eyes (''oculōs ēripiam tibi'', “I'll pull your eyes out”) and of rescuing someone by force (''ego accurrō tēque ēripiō vī'', “I run up and snatch you away by force”).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The basic sense is “to snatch, pull or tear out, away or off”, from a place, from someone's hands or body.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used of seizing property by force, of death or circumstances snatching a person away, of clouds hiding something from view, and with abstract objects, “to take away” hope, a right or the power to do something, or “to banish” a fear.^(OLD 2012) From the start it also means “to rescue, deliver” from danger, and reflexively “to escape”;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''sē ēripere'' also means “to burst into view”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In chariot-racing inscriptions it is used of a driver who takes the lead after a struggle.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin uses it mostly in the sense “to rescue, deliver from”.^(Stelten 1995) The proverb ''lupō agnum ēripere'', “to snatch a lamb from a wolf”, stands for attempting the impossible.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''oculōs ēripiam tibi'' and ''tēque ēripiō vī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero to Catiline: ''hunc mihi timōrem ēripe'', “rid me of this fear”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''ēripiam mē ex istōrum parricīdiō'', of escaping in a small boat.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|snatch]], tear or pull out, away or off.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To seize (property) by force, carry off, [[m|en|rob]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To snatch (a person) away (from work or friends; also by death); to hide from view.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To take away (a power, right or hope); to banish (a fear).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|rescue]], deliver, save.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(reflexive)'' To escape;^(OLD 2012) to burst into view.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(chariot-racing)'' To take the lead after a struggle.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ēreptiō]]

+ * [[ēreptor]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein contrasts ''[[dēmō]]'', ''[[adimō]]'' and ''[[eximō]]'', which denote taking away without force or fraud, with verbs of violent taking.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}