ceterus Latin · revision 17875

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkeː.tɛ.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈt͡ʃɛː.te.rus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cēterus''' (feminine cētera, neuter cēterum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''caeterus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The masculine nominative singular is not in use, and the singular is rare;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero has it perhaps three times.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan explains it as a compound of the particle [[-ce]] “here”, prefixed as in [[cedo]] “give here”, and [[itc-pro|*etero-|t=other]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The latter is a PIE adjective of comparison [[ine-pro|*h₁e-tero-|t=the other (of two)]], formed from the pronoun ⟨*h₁e-⟩ “this”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Compare Umbrian [[m|xum|etru|t=other, second]], [[ae|atāra-|t=this one (of two)]] and [[sq|jetër|t=other]].^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler compares [[grc|ἕτερος|tr=héteros|t=other]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus on:^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) ''ubi convīvae cēterī?'' “where are the other guests?”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Cēterus'' means “the rest of, the other”, mostly in the plural (''cēterī'' “the others”), and in the singular with collective nouns (''pecus cēterum'' “the rest of the flock”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The neuter plural ''cētera'' is “everything else”, also used as an adverb, “in other respects”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The neuter singular ''[[cēterum]]'' is “the rest”, and is common as an adverb;^(OLD 2012) ''dē cēterō'' means “for the rest” and also “for the future”.^(OLD 2012) Familiar phrases are ''et cētera'' “and the rest” and ''cēterīs paribus'' “other things being equal”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – First found in Plautus: ''vōs cēterī īte hūc ad nōs'', “the rest of you, come here to us”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato: ''nē commisceās cum cēterō vīnō'', “do not mix it with the rest of the wine”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''intus cētera'', “the rest inside”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # The rest of, the remaining, the [[m|en|other]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # ''(plural)'' The others, the [[m|en|rest]];^(OLD 2012) ''cētera'', everything else.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(neuter singular)'' The rest;^(OLD 2012) ''dē cēterō'', for the rest; for the future.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(neuter plural as adverb)'' In other respects.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[cēterōquī]]

+ * [[cēterum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[alter]]

+ * [[reliquus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}