diu Latin · revision 17870

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *dyéw-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdi.uː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdiː.u]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''diū''' (comparative diūtius, superlative diūtissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+ The second syllable is usually long, except in early drama.^(OLD 2012)

+ An old form ''diūs'' appears in an inscription and in Plautus' ''noctū neque diūs''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the old locative of the word for “day”, [[inh|itc-pro|*djowe|t=by day]], [[inh|ine-pro|*dyéwi|t=during the day]], the locative of [[m|ine-pro|*dyḗws|t=sky, day]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan explains ⟨diū⟩ from ⟨*diyeu⟩, with ⟨diu⟩ by iambic shortening.^(de Vaan 2008) The sense “by day” is the original one, and “for a long time” probably developed from it.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Compare [[sa|दिवा|tr=dívā|t=by day]], [[xcl|տիւ|tr=tiw|t=day]] and [[sga|in-diu|t=today]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) It is related to [[diēs]] “day” and [[Iuppiter]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Naevius on;^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus has ''ubi diū āfuerīs domō'', “when you have been away from home a long time”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Diū'' means “for a long time, long” (''haud diū est'' “it is not long”), and in the comparative ''diūtius'' “longer, any longer”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also means “protractedly” and, in descriptions of places, “for a long stretch”.^(OLD 2012) The old sense “by day” survives with ''noctū'' (''noctū diūque'' “by night and by day”) and in ''[[interdiū]]''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – First found in Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a long absence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''haud diūst'', “it is not long”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # For a long time, [[m|en|long]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(comparative diūtius)'' Longer, any longer.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Protractedly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(with noctū)'' By day.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[diū̆tinus]]

+ * [[interdiū]]

+ * [[perdiū]]

+ * [[aliquamdiū]]

+ * [[iamdiū]]

+ * [[quamdiū]]

+ * [[diūsculē]]

+ * [[diūtulē]]

+ * [[diū̆turnus]]

+ * [[diurnus]]

+ * [[dūdum]]

+ * [[subdiū]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[diēs]]

+ * [[deus]]

+ * [[Iūpiter]]

+ * [[noctū]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says that ''diū'' and ''[[dūdum]]'' express a space of time, “long since”, against ''[[prīdem]]'', a point of time long before;^(Döderlein 1874) ''diū'' refers to days, months or years, ''dūdum'' to minutes or hours.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}