fuga Latin · revision 17847

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *bʰewg-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfʊ.ɡa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfuː.ɡa]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fuga''' ''f'' (genitive fugae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Lucretius has the archaic genitive ''fugāī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*fugā|t=flight]], [[inh|ine-pro|*bʰugéh₂|t=flight]], from the root of [[fugiō]] “to flee”, [[m|ine-pro|*bʰewg-|t=to flee]].^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Cognate with [[grc|φυγή|tr=phugḗ|t=flight, exile]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Ennius on:^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) ''quō … nunc auxiliō exiliī aut fugā frēta sim?'' “on what help, in exile or flight, should I now rely?”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Fuga'' is running away, flight, and in battle a rout (''in fugam conicere'' “to put to flight”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also desertion of one's post, exile and banishment, rapid movement or speed, the shunning of something (''labōris fuga'' “avoidance of work”), and a means of escape.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it meant hunting, the right to hunt, and a hunting ground.^(Niermeyer 1976) Through Italian ''fuga'' “flight” it gave English [[m|en|fugue]] (1590s), the musical form.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – First found in Ennius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of flight from battle and of exile.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of ''labōris fuga''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of speed: ''volucremque fugā praevertitur Hebrum'', “she outstrips the swift Hebrus in her running”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1590s – English [[m|en|fugue]], through Italian.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|flight]], running away, escape.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(military)'' Flight, [[m|en|rout]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Desertion (of one's post).^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|exile]], banishment.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Speed, swift movement.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Avoidance, shunning.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A means of escape;^(OLD 2012) a refuge.^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Hunting; the right to hunt; a hunting ground.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[fugō]]

+ * [[fugium]]

+ * [[refugium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fugiō]]

+ * [[en|fugue]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}