flumen Latin · revision 17843

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *bʰleuH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈfɫuː.mɛn]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈfluː.men]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''flūmen''' ''n'' (genitive flūminis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|fluō|-men]], “that which flows”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives the verb from [[itc-pro|*flow-e/o-]], from [[ine-pro|*bʰleuH-|t=to flow over]], comparing [[grc|φλύω|tr=phlúō|t=to boil over]] and [[lt|bliáuti|t=to bleat, sob]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Ennius on:^(Köbler 2010) ''per amoenam urbem lēnī fluit agmine flūmen'', “through the pleasant city the river flows with gentle course”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Flūmen'' is a river or stream, and in poetry flowing water, a flood.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is used of any flow of liquid or air, such as a stream of blood, often with exaggeration, and figuratively of a copious flow of eloquence or talent and an onrush of attackers.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – First found in Ennius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius: ''sanguinis exspīrāns calidum dē pectore flūmen'', “breathing out a warm stream of blood from the breast”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a river that suddenly rose.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|river]], [[m|en|stream]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(poetic)'' Flowing water, a [[m|en|flood]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A flow (of blood, other liquid or air).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(figurative)'' A copious flow (of words or talent);^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) an onrush (of attackers).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[flumicellum]]

+ * [[flūminālis]]

+ * [[flūmineus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fluō]]

+ * [[fluvius]]

+ * [[amnis]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein says that ''[[fluvius]]'' and ''flūmen'' denote an ordinary stream, as opposed to a pond or lake, while ''[[amnis]]'' is a great and mighty river.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}