vester Latin · revision 17832

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=itc-pro *westero-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈwɛs.tɛr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈvɛs.ter]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vester''' (feminine vestra, neuter vestrum); first/second-declension determiner (nominative masculine singular in -er), with locative^(Wiktionary)

+ The old spelling is ''voster'', used before about 150 BC.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*westero-|t=your (plural)]], formed on the stem of [[vōs]] with the contrastive suffix also seen in [[noster]]; de Vaan tentatively reconstructs a PIE possessive [[m|ine-pro|*us-tero-]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The older Latin form ⟨voster⟩ has its ⟨o⟩ by analogy with ⟨noster⟩, while Umbrian [[m|xum|uestra|t=your]] keeps the ⟨e⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ The genitive plural ⟨vestrum⟩ of ⟨vōs⟩ was originally the genitive plural of this adjective.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Naevius on;^(de Vaan 2008) Plautus has ''animī vostrī'' “of your minds”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Vester'' means “your, yours” when several people are addressed: what belongs to them, people known to them, and, with the force of an objective genitive, “of you” (''vester cōnspectus'' “the sight of you”).^(OLD 2012) ''Vestrum est'' means “it is your part, your concern”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It often includes others besides those addressed (“you and your kind”), so that ''vestrī'' is “your school, your party”; sometimes it seems to refer to a single person.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – First found in Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses the old form ''voster''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''vestrum est hoc, iūdicēs'', “this is your part, judges”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Determiner===

+ # [[m|en|your]], yours (of several people).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Known to you, associated with you.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of you, towards you.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''vestrum est'', it is your part or concern.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of you and your kind;^(OLD 2012) ''(masculine plural as noun)'' your school, your party.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vōs]]

+ * [[noster]]

+ * [[tuus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}