ubi Latin · revision 17825

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *kʷu-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈʊ.biː], [ˈʊ.bɪ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈuː.bi]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ubī̆''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Varro has the spelling ''ube'', and inscriptions ''ubei''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*kʷuþei|t=where]], built on the pronominal stem [[m|ine-pro|*kʷu-|t=where]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan notes that the form could reflect ⟨*kʷubʰei⟩, with the PIE instrumental ending ⟨*-bʰi⟩, or ⟨*kʷudʰei⟩, an Italic remodelling of ⟨*kʷu-dʰe⟩ “where”; the agreement with Indo-Iranian and Slavic makes the latter slightly more likely.^(de Vaan 2008) The initial ⟨c-⟩ was lost, but it survives in compounds such as [[alicubī]] and [[sīcubī]]; the final ⟨-ī⟩ was often shortened by iambic shortening.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|puf|t=where]], Umbrian [[m|xum|pufe|t=where]], [[sa|कुह|tr=kúha|t=where]], [[ae|kudā|t=where]] and [[cu|къде|tr=kŭde|t=where, when]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius;^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler lists the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010) Plautus has ''ubi patera nunc est?'' “where is the bowl now?”^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Ubi'' asks “where?” (''ubi gentium?'' “where in the world?”), often in rhetorical questions implying that something is absent, and “in what situation?”; in colloquial Latin it also means “where to?”.^(OLD 2012) As a relative it means “where, in the place where”, often answered by ''[[ibi]]'', “in which” of a situation, and colloquially it stands for a relative pronoun with a preposition, “in which, by which”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In time clauses it means “when, as soon as” (''ubi prīmum''), and as an indefinite adverb “anywhere, at any time”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Found in Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ubi fuistī? ubi lūstrātu's? ubi bibistī?''^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of time: ''quōs ubi rēx … spexit'', “when the king saw them”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it for “where to?”: ''ubi dūcis asinum istum?''^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # ''(interrogative)'' [[m|en|where]]? in what place?^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''ubi gentium?'', where in the world?^(OLD 2012)

+ # In what situation?^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' Where to?^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(relative)'' Where, in the place where.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # In which (situation); by which, with which.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(temporal)'' [[m|en|when]], as soon as.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(indefinite)'' Anywhere; at any time.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ubinam]]

+ * [[ubīquāquē]]

+ * [[ubiubī̆]]

+ * [[ubivīs]]

+ * [[ubicumque]]

+ * [[ubilibet]]

+ * [[alicubī̆]]

+ * [[aliubī]]

+ * [[nēcubī̆]]

+ * [[neutrubi]]

+ * [[nuncubi]]

+ * [[sīcubī̆]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ibi]]

+ * [[quis]]

+ * [[unde]]

+ * [[quō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}