liceo Latin · revision 17804

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *likē-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈlɪ.ke.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈliː.t͡ʃe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''liceō''' (present infinitive licēre, perfect active licuī, supine licitum); second conjugation, no passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*likē-|t=to be available, to have the value of]], the verb also behind the impersonal [[licet|t=it is permitted]] and the deponent [[liceor|t=to bid]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan takes “to be available, be offered for sale, be worth” as the original meaning; there are no certain cognates outside Italic.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD compares [[lt|lĩkstu|t=to make an agreement]] and the TLL [[lv|likt|t=to agree on a price]]; the TLL also cites Oscan [[m|osc|likitud|t=let it be permitted]], which de Vaan considers borrowed from or modelled on Latin.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus on, of goods at an auction: ''omnia vēnībunt, quīquī licēbunt, praesentī pecūniā'' “everything will be sold, whatever it fetches, for cash down”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Liceō'' is used with an ablative or genitive of price: “to be for sale, to fetch (a price), to be valued at”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero asks how much the gardens of Drusus were valued at (''quantī licuisse''), and Horace says that Laevinus was never valued at more than a penny.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) From the time after Augustus it is also used of the seller, “to ask (a price), to offer for sale at”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ Priscian notes that the oldest writers used personal forms such as ''liceō'' beside the impersonal ''licet''.^(TLL) Stelten gives the general senses “to be valued, to cost”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of goods sold at auction.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''quantī licuisse tū scrībis''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace: ''ūnīus assis nōn umquam pretiō plūris licuisse''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of the seller asking a price.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be for sale; to [[m|en|fetch]] (a price), to be valued at.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(of the seller)'' To ask (a price), to offer at.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # To be valued, esteemed; to cost.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[liceor]]

+ * [[licitor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[licet]]

+ * [[licentia]]

+ * [[polliceor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}