post Latin · revision 17800

18 Oct 2026, 18:45 by bogdan “Latin la10k: liceo, igitur, legio, ullus, post, vel, deinde”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *pósti}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɔst]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɔst]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''post''' (+ accusative)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*posti|t=behind, after]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pósti]]; the older Latin form ⟨poste⟩ is used by Ennius, Plautus and Terence.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) Inscriptions also shorten it to ⟨pos⟩ and ⟨pus⟩.^(OLD 2012) Its old comparative [[posterus]] has Sabellic matches; [[posterior]] and [[postrēmus]] were formed from it.^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ Cognate with [[osc|púst]] and [[xum|post|t=after, behind]], [[sa|पश्चा|tr=paścā́|t=behind, after]] and [[lt|pas|t=at, by]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is found in the Twelve Tables, both as an adverb and as a preposition: ''post merīdiem'' “after midday”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ As an adverb ''post'' means “behind, back” of place and “afterwards, later” of time (''multīs post annīs'' “many years later”); in enumerations it means “next, then”, and it can mean “second in importance”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995) As a preposition with the accusative it means “behind” (''post tergum'' “behind one's back”), “after” a time or event, and “at the end of” a period.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ Medieval Latin added “towards”, “in search of” and “in the power of”.^(Niermeyer 1976) It is the source of the English word-forming element [[m|en|post-]] “after”.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 450 BC – The Twelve Tables: ''post merīdiem''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses the older form ''poste''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero places it after its noun.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 550–1150 – Medieval Latin uses it for “towards, in search of”.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Adverb===
+ # Behind, in the rear; back.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # [[m|en|afterwards]], later.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Next, then (in enumerations).^(OLD 2012)
+ # Second in importance.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ===Preposition===
+ # ''(with accusative)'' [[m|en|behind]]: ''post tergum'', behind one's back.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(with accusative)'' [[m|en|after]], since.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Towards; in search of; in the power of.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[post-]]
+ * [[posteā]]
+ * [[posterus]]
+ * [[posterior]]
+ * [[postrēmus]]
+ * [[pōne]]
+ * [[postīcus]]
+ * [[postquam]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[ante]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}