nec Latin · revision 17765
18 Oct 2026, 18:36 by bogdan “Latin la10k: aut, nec, de, a, ne, quam, ac, enim, nemo, per”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=clipping|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=la neque}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈnɛk]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnɛk]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''nec''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the shortened form of [[neque]], itself [[af|la|ne-|-que|t1=not|t2=and]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan notes that the word had two uses: the shortened conjunction “and not”, and a simple “not”, common in the oldest Latin.^(de Vaan 2008) They may be the same word, but the simple negative could also continue [[m|itc-pro|*ne-ke]], with the particle of [[hic]]; in that case [[negō]] and [[neglegō]] could be formed directly from it.^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The simple negative appears in the Twelve Tables: ''cui suus hērēs nec escit'' “who has no heir of his own”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Classical Latin ''nec'' is used like ''neque'': “and not”, “nor”, “not … either”, and ''nec … nec'' “neither … nor”; the choice between them was largely a matter of sound, but ''nec'' became the more common.^(OLD 2012) The old simple negative survives in set phrases and compounds: ''[[necopīnāns]]'', ''[[negōtium]]'' (''nec-ōtium''), ''[[neglegō]]''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ''Nec nōn'' (''necnōn'') means “and also”.^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 450 BC – ''nec'' “not” in the Twelve Tables.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ipsus neque amat nec tū crēduās''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Conjunction===
+ # And not, [[m|en|nor]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # ''nec … nec'', [[m|en|neither]] … nor.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)
+ # Not … either; not even.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(archaic)'' Not.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)
+ # ''nec nōn'', and also, and indeed.^(Wiktionary)^(Georges 1913)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[necnōn]]
+ * [[necdum]]
+ * [[necopīnus]]
+ * [[necubi]]
+ * [[negōtium]]
+ * [[neglegō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[nē]]
+ * [[nōn]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}