de Latin · revision 17764

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *déh₁}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdeː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɛː]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dē''' (+ ablative)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*dē|t=from]], [[inh|ine-pro|*déh₁|t=towards]], formed from [[m|ine-pro|*de|t=to, towards]] with an instrumental suffix.^(Wiktionary) The same element is in the suffixes of [[quondam]], [[inde]] and [[quandō]].^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|dat]] and [[sga|di]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Twelve Tables;^(Köbler 2010) the OLD's first citation is from Livius Andronicus' ''Odyssey'', where someone wipes the tears ''dē ōre'' “from the face”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense is movement down from or away from a place, beside ''[[ab]]'' “away from” and ''[[ex]]'' “out of”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From this came the point from which something starts (in time, ''dē diē'' “from early in the day”, ''dē prandiō'' “right after lunch”), the person from whom something is taken or the people over whom a victory is won, the source and the material, the whole of which a part is taken, cause, and conformity (“after, according to”).^(OLD 2012) It also came to mean “about, concerning”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In British Medieval Latin it was used more widely than in Classical Latin, like French ''de'', often instead of a plain ablative or genitive.^(DMLBS) As a prefix ''dē-'' adds the senses “down”, “away”, “undoing” or “completely”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – Used in the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 280–200 BC – Livius Andronicus: ''dacrimās dē ōre … dētersit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus asks what to do ''dē concubīnā'', about a concubine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Preposition===

+ # ''(with ablative)'' [[m|en|from]], away from, down from, off.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # From (a time); immediately after: ''diem dē diē'', day after day.^(OLD 2012)

+ # From, out of (the possession of); over (people defeated).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # From, at the expense of (a fund or resource).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of (a material); of, from among (a whole).^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|about]], [[m|en|concerning]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Because of, on account of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # After, according to (a model or precept).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dē-]]

+ * [[dēmum]]

+ * [[dēnique]]

+ * [[dēterior]]

+ * [[dēsub]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ab]]

+ * [[ex]]

+ * [[susque dēque]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}