ac Latin · revision 17760

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=clipping|attested=c. 280–200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=la atque}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈak]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈak]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ac''' ^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the shortened form of [[atque]], used before consonants.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The origin of the full form is disputed: de Vaan prefers [[af|la|at|-que]], the OLD ⟨ad-⟩ + ⟨-que⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Like ''atque'', it is found from Livius Andronicus on.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Classical Latin ''ac'' stands only before consonants, while ''atque'' is used before vowels and consonants alike.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein adds that ''atque'' is preferred before vowels and gutturals and ''ac'' before the other consonants, and that both join near-synonyms.^(Döderlein 1874) Its senses are those of ''atque'': “and also, and indeed”, ''ac potius'' “or rather”, and after words of likeness or difference “as, than” (''aliter ac'').^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ In British Medieval Latin ''ac'' was no longer limited to consonants.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280–200 BC – First found in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses ''ac potius'' for “or rather”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # [[m|en|and]], and also, and what is more.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # And even;^(OLD 2012) ''ac potius'', or rather;^(OLD 2012) ''ac nōn'', and not rather.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(after words of likeness or difference)'' As, than: ''aliter ac'', otherwise than.^(Stelten 1995)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[atque]]

+ * [[et]]

+ * [[-que]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}