tamen Latin · revision 17757

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 280–200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=la tam}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈta.mɛn]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtaː.men]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tamen''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[tam|t=so]] with a particle ⟨-em⟩, as in [[īdem]]: ⟨*tam-em⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) The parallel ⟨*tam-dem⟩ gave [[tandem]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The adverb “tam” goes back to [[ine-pro|*teh₂m]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Livius Andronicus on.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Tamen'' means “all the same, nevertheless”: it stands alone, after a concessive clause (''quamquam … tamen'' “although … yet”), after ''et'', ''sed'' or ''at'', or anticipates a concession.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In a clause of limitation with ''ut'' or ''nē'' it means “at least”, and in a conditional clause “if only, provided that”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ It usually comes second in its clause but can also stand first or last.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280–200 BC – First found in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses ''at tamen''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''quamquam ego sum sordidātus, frūgī tamen sum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|nevertheless]], however, all the same.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(after a concessive clause)'' Yet, still: ''quamquam … tamen'', although … yet.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Just the same (in spite of appearances).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(with ut or nē)'' At least;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''(in a conditional clause)'' if only.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[attamen]]

+ * [[vērumtamen]]

+ * [[tamenetsī]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tam]]

+ * [[tandem]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}