iste Latin · revision 17754

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=itc-pro *es-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɪs.tɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈis.te]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iste''' (feminine ista, neuter istud); demonstrative determiner (pronominal declension)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*es-to-]], which also gives [[xum|estu]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan takes the first part as the ⟨*es-⟩ of the oblique cases of [[is]], replaced in Latin by ⟨is-⟩, and the second as the PIE pronoun [[m|ine-pro|*so|t=that]] (⟨*to-⟩).^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD likewise sees “is” + ⟨-te⟩, with the declension remodelled on [[ille]].^(OLD 2012) The TLL suggests that inflected forms of both parts merged into one paradigm.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Naevius on;^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Plautus and Cato also use the genitive ''istī'' and the dative ''istae''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Iste'' is the demonstrative of the second person: “that (of yours, near you)”, “that which you mention”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also marks what the hearer knows of, and can express contempt (“that despicable”).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995) With little reference to the hearer it means simply “this”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The adverbs ''[[istīc]]'' “there (where you are)”, ''[[istinc]]'' and ''[[istūc]]'' belong to it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – First found in Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''multōs iste morbus hominēs macerat'' “that illness of yours wastes many people”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses the adverb ''istorsum'' “in your direction”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # [[m|en|that]] (of yours, near you); ''(plural)'' those.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # That which you mention.^(OLD 2012)

+ # That well-known; that despicable (with contempt).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # This.^(OLD 2012)

+ # He, she, it.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[istic]]

+ * [[istīc]]

+ * [[istinc]]

+ * [[istūc]]

+ * [[istō]]

+ * [[istorsum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hic]]

+ * [[ille]]

+ * [[is]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}