nos Latin · revision 17753

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *nōs}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nōs''' (genitive nostrum or nostrī, dative and ablative nōbīs); plural of ''[[ego]]''^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*nōs|t=we, us]], [[inh|ine-pro|*nōs]], originally the stressed accusative.^(de Vaan 2008) The old nominative ⟨*wei(s)⟩ was replaced by the accusative, apparently already in Proto-Italic.^(de Vaan 2008) The genitive ⟨nostrum⟩ was first the genitive plural of [[noster]]; after Plautus it was largely replaced by ⟨nostrī⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[sga|sní|t=we]], [[hit|anzāš|t=us]], [[grc|νῶϊ|tr=nôï|t=we two]], [[got|𐌿𐌽𐍃|tr=uns]] and [[en|us]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Naevius on;^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler's first source is Ennius.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Nōs'' means “we, us”; it is also used indefinitely, for people in general, and by a single speaker or writer of himself, the “we” of formal or modest style.^(OLD 2012) Of the genitives, ''nostrī'' is usually objective and ''nostrum'' partitive (''nēmō nostrum'' “none of us”); Plautus and Terence also have ''nostrōrum'' and ''nostrārum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – First found in Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''nōs sumus'' “we're alone now”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''nōs, nōs, dīcō apertē, cōnsulēs dēsumus'' “it is we, we the consuls, who fail”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # [[m|en|we]], [[m|en|us]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # We (people in general).^(OLD 2012)

+ # We, I (of the speaker or writer alone).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[noster]]

+ * [[nostrās]]

+ * [[nōbīscum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ego]]

+ * [[vōs]]

+ * [[en|us]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}