quia Latin · revision 17737

18 Oct 2026, 18:36 by bogdan “Latin la10k: at, an, pro, autem, sine, nihil, modo, quia, quidam, apud”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kʷih₂}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʷi.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkʷiː.a]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''quia''' ^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is the old neuter plural (nominative and accusative) of the interrogative [[quis]], from [[ine-pro|*kʷih₂]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short, following an older view, explained it as ⟨*quiam⟩, from the ablative [[quī]] and [[iam]], “whereby now”, an analysis Wiktionary also records.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is found from Plautus on, answering a question: ''cūr mē retentās? — quia tuī amāns abeuntis egeō'' “why do you hold me back? — because I love you and miss you when you go”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ ''Quia'' gives the reason, “because”; it answers a question, introduces a clause often prepared by ''proptereā'' or ''ideō'', and rejects a false reason (''nōn quia … sed quia'').^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that, like ''quod'', it gives the determining reason, while ''[[quoniam]]'' gives any attendant circumstance.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ 
+ From Petronius on it introduces reported speech, “that”, a use that grew in Late Latin;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976) Medieval writers also used it before direct speech and for “although”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in answers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * before AD 66 – Petronius: ''subolfaciō quia nōbīs epulum datūrus est'', “I smell that he is going to give us a feast”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 550–1150 – Medieval Latin uses it before direct speech and for “although”.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Conjunction===
+ # [[m|en|because]], since, for.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # Because (answering a question).^(OLD 2012)
+ # The fact that.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Late Latin)'' That (introducing reported speech).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Although.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[quianam]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[quis]]
+ * [[quod]]
+ * [[quoniam]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}