idem Latin · revision 17732

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 280–200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=la is}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈiː.dẽː], [ˈɪ.dẽː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈiː.dem]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īdem''' (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the pronoun [[is]] with an enclitic particle ⟨-em⟩: the neuter ⟨id-em⟩ was misdivided as ⟨i-dem⟩, and ⟨-dem⟩ was then added to the other forms (“eadem”, “eundem”).^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Old Latin ⟨*isdem⟩ gave the masculine “īdem” (inscriptions also have “eidem”, “eisdem” and “eisdim”).^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The TLL leaves open whether “īdem” comes from ⟨*is-dem⟩ or was formed from ⟨-dem⟩ after the misdivision.^(TLL)

+

+ Compare [[osc|ísídum|t=the same]] and [[sa|इदम्|tr=idám|t=this]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Livius Andronicus on.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Īdem'' means “the same”: the same as something just mentioned (''īdem … quī'' “the same … as”), the same as before or in each case, and in a weakened sense “he too, likewise”, linking a second statement to the same subject (“at the same time”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) With ''ipse'' it means “the very same”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ In Medieval Latin it was a demonstrative “the said, this” and a personal pronoun “he, she, it”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 280–200 BC – First found in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''mihi sententia eadem est''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''in eōdem lutō haesitās'', “you are stuck in the same mud”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 550–1150 – Medieval Latin uses it for “the said” and “he”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Pronoun===

+ # The [[m|en|same]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The same (as before, or in each case).^(OLD 2012)

+ # He too, likewise; also, at the same time.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The said, this; he, she, it.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[identidem]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[is]]

+ * [[ipse]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}