nemo Latin · revision 17728
18 Oct 2026, 18:29 by bogdan “Latin la10k: aut, nec, de, a, ne, quam, ac, enim, nemo, per”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 280–200 BC, Livius Andronicus}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈneː.moː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnɛː.mo]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''nēmō''' ''m'' or f (genitive nēminis)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is a compound of the negative [[m|la|ne-]] and an old form of [[homō|t=man]], from ⟨*nehemo⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The second part is the archaic ⟨hemō⟩, which Festus records as an old word for “man”, and the TLL, following de Vaan, traces it to [[ine-pro|*dʰǵʰm̥-ōn-]], the root of [[got|𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰|tr=guma|t=man]] and Old Lithuanian [[m|lt|žmuõ|t=man]].^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Livingston explains it instead from ⟨*ne homō⟩.^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ It is found from Livius Andronicus on.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ ''Nēmō'' means “nobody, no one”; in Classical Latin its genitive and ablative are usually replaced by ''nūllīus'' and ''nūllō'', though ''nēminis'' and ''nēmine'' occur in Ennius, Plautus, Cato and later.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Nōn nēmō'' means “some people”, ''nēmō nōn'' “everyone”, and with nouns of persons it is an adjective (''nēmō homō'' “no man”).^(OLD 2012) It can also mean “a nobody, a person of no importance”.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ The final ''-o'' is long in Horace and short in Martial and Juvenal.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 280–200 BC – First found in Livius Andronicus.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses the genitive ''nēminis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for “a nobody”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Pronoun===
+ # [[m|en|nobody]], no one;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''nēmō alius'', no one else;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''nēmō ūnus'', not a single person.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+ # ''nōn nēmō'', someone, some people;^(OLD 2012) ''nēmō nōn'', everyone.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A nobody, a person of no account.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(as an adjective with nouns of persons)'' No: ''nēmō homō'', no man.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[nōnnēmō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[homō]]
+ * [[nūllus]]
+ * [[nihil]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}