ex Latin · revision 17723

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *h₁eǵʰs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛɡz], [ˈɛks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ex''' (+ ablative)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*eks]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₁eǵʰs|t=out]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Before voiced consonants it became ⟨ē⟩ (from ⟨*egz⟩), and in compounds before ⟨f⟩ it appears as ⟨ec-⟩, often assimilated to ⟨ef-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The Sabellic languages continue the variant without /s/, [[m|ine-pro|*h₁eǵʰ]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|eh]] and [[xum|ehe]], [[grc|ἐξ|tr=ex]], [[sga|ess-]], [[lt|ìš]] and [[cu|из|tr=iz]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found in the Twelve Tables and in Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is movement out of a place, a group or a state (“out of, from”), then the point from which something is done, origin and material (“made of”), the source of a feeling or of information, cause (“because of”), conformity (''ex lēge'' “according to the law”), and time (“since, directly after”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Ex'' stands before vowels and consonants, ''ē'' only before consonants, and set phrases tend to keep one form (''ex parte'', ''ē regiōne'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In inscriptions ''ex'' with the name of an office means a former holder of it.^(Wiktionary) Medieval writers use ''ex parte'' for “as to, regarding”.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – Used in the Twelve Tables.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ē fānō ēgreditur'' “she comes out of the temple”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato speaks of recovering ''ex eō morbō'', from that illness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Preposition===

+ # ''(with ablative)'' [[m|en|out of]], from (a place, group or state).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Down from; off (the surface of).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # From, on (the point from which something is done).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of, made of (a material).^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Because of, as a result of.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # According to, in keeping with: ''ex lēge'', by law.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Since, directly after (a time).^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(with the name of an office)'' Former, ex-.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ex-]]

+ * [[exter]]

+ * [[extrā]]

+ * [[extrēmus]]

+ * [[externus]]

+ * [[exterior]]

+ * [[extrīnsecus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ab]]

+ * [[dē]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}