terrasse French · revision 17702

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1165, Benoît de Sainte-Maure|origins=la terra}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /tɛ.ʁas/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /te.ʁas/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''terrasse''' ''f'' (plural terrasses)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''terrace'' (about 1160), ''tierrasse'' (about 1190); ''terrasse'' from the end of the 13th century (1295).^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is derived from [[terre]] with the suffix ⟨-ace⟩, later ⟨-asse⟩.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi) The noun continues [[la|terra|t=earth]].^(REW 1935)^(Grand Robert 2005) For the modern sense “raised platform”, Bloch and Wartburg and the REW see a borrowing from [[pro|terrassa]], and Wiktionary an influence of it;^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992) Rey speaks of a parallel development rather than a borrowing.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(REW 1935)^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992) The Spanish, English and German words come from the French.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Benoît de Sainte-Maure's ''Roman de Troie'' (about 1165) uses ''terrace'' for wattle and daub, mud; the word long meant fuller's earth, daub and the soil.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ That first sense survives in technical uses: the soft part of a block of marble (1694) or of a gem (1752) that cannot be polished.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) About 1260 the ''Ménestrel de Reims'' uses it for the platform of a fortification, a bank of earth, and in 1295 it named the flat covering of a roof.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In 1380 it meant the flat base of a statue, and in heraldry (1765) the ground shown at the foot of a shield.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) From 1549 it was a raised bank of earth in a garden or in front of a building, and, from Belleau (before 1577) a platform on an upper floor of a house.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) Villiers de l'Isle-Adam in 1883 uses it for the part of a café that spills onto the pavement.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989) Geographers and mountaineers use it for a step in the land (1853).^(BHVF)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1165 – ''Terrace'', daub, in Benoît de Sainte-Maure.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1260 – The platform of a fortification.^(TLFi)

+ * 1295 – A flat roof.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1549 – A raised garden bank.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * Before 1577 – A platform of a house, in Belleau.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1853 – Terraces in the Alps.^(BHVF)

+ * 1883 – A café terrace, in Villiers de l'Isle-Adam.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A raised bank of earth forming a platform, usually held by masonry: ''les terrasses d'un jardin'', ''cultures en terrasses''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # An open-air platform on a floor of a building, set back from the floor below; a [[m|en|terrace]], a large balcony: ''appartement avec terrasse''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # A flat roof: ''toit en terrasse''.^(Le Robert)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # The part of a café or restaurant set out on the pavement.^(Le Robert)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(geography)'' A step-like landform: ''terrasse fluviale''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(art, technology)'' The flat base of a statue; a soft patch in marble.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[terrasser]]

+ * [[terrassement]]

+ * [[terrassier]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[terre]]

+ * [[terrain]]

+ * [[la|terra]]

+ * [[en|terrace]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}