rigoler French · revision 17628

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=blend|attested=late 13th century, Isopet de Chartres}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʁi.ɡɔ.le/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rigoler'''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is disputed.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007) The TLFi, the FEW and Bloch and Wartburg see a blend of [[fro|riole|t=pleasure party]], from the family of [[rire]], with [[m|fro|gale|t=merrymaking]] and the verb [[m|fro|galer|t=to have fun, live merrily]], the family of [[galant]], which lent its ⟨g⟩ to the new verb.^(TLFi)^(FEW|10, 398b)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) They note the tendency of Gallo-Romance dialects to form verbs on that verb with slightly altered meanings, such as one meaning “to laugh a little”.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(DHLF 1992) A blend of the verb for laughing with [[régaler]] has also been suggested.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) Pierre Guiraud proposed a base ⟨ric-⟩, ⟨rig-⟩ (as in [[ricaner]]), from [[la-vul|*rīdicō]], derived from [[la|rīdeō|t=to laugh]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005) Littré reported Scheler's comparison with [[goh|rīga]] and [[de|Reigen|t=round dance]].^(Littré 1873)

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+ The DHLF notes that the verb must be older than its derivative [[rigolage]] “merrymaking”, found in Chrétien de Troyes about 1175.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Late in the 13th century, in the ''Isopet de Chartres'', it means to have great fun, to joke;^(TLFi) Jean de Meun uses it transitively for “to amuse”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The transitive sense “to mock someone” (1306) and the pronominal ''se rigoler'' “to enjoy oneself” (1306), used until the 18th century, have gone out of use.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) In popular use the intransitive verb meant to eat and drink merrily among friends (1655), and in 19th-century slang to have a good time, also to make love.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

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+ The modern familiar sense “to laugh, have fun” is recorded in the slang of the Brest prison in 1821, and “to joke, not be serious” in 1875.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Derivatives include [[rigolade]] (1815), [[rigolo]] (1852) and [[rigolard]] (late 19th century).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1175 – The noun ''rigolage'' in Chrétien de Troyes.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * Late 13th century – In the ''Isopet de Chartres''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1306 – “To mock someone” and ''se rigoler'' in Guillaume Guiart.^(TLFi)

+ * 1655 – Borel: to feast among friends.^(TLFi)

+ * 1815 – ''Rigolade''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1821 – “To laugh”, in the slang of the Brest prison.^(TLFi)^(BHVF)

+ * 1852 – ''Rigolo''.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * 1875 – “To joke”.^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(familiar)'' To [[m|en|laugh]], have fun: ''on a bien rigolé'', ''il n'y a pas de quoi rigoler''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(familiar)'' To [[m|en|joke]], not to be serious: ''j'ai dit ça pour rigoler'', ''tu rigoles !''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(familiar)'' To make fun of something.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(dated, popular)'' To have a good time, live it up.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rigolade]]

+ * [[rigolard]]

+ * [[rigolo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rire]]

+ * [[galant]]

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+ ==Usage notes==

+ A second ''rigoler'', a farming term meaning to cut channels in ground, is derived from [[rigole]] “channel” (1297); the Grand Robert and the TLFi give it a numbered entry of its own.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}