étudiant French · revision 17549

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1261}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /e.ty.djɑ̃/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''étudiant''' ''m'' (plural étudiants, feminine étudiante)^(Wiktionary)

+ Recorded as ''estudian'' (1261) and ''estudiant'' (about 1370).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the present participle, used as a noun, [[der|fr|étudier|t=to study]].^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi) [[étudier|alt=Étudier]] is a derivative of Old French [[m|fro|estudie|t=study]] (see [[étude]]).^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Compare [[oc|estudian]], [[es|estudiante]], [[pt|estudante]] and [[it|studiante]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Grand Robert dates ''estudian'' to 1261;^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989) Bloch and Wartburg and the GLLF find ''estudiant'' in Oresme, about 1370.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Until the end of the 17th century it competed with [[écolier]] for a university student; in the Middle Ages students were usually called ''escholiers''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007) The feminine ''étudiante'' is found in 1789 but remained rare before the end of the 19th century; the Académie gave only the masculine until 1878, and Littré records ''étudiante'' in a kind of slang for a grisette of the Latin Quarter.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ As an adjective, “of students”, as in ''le syndicalisme étudiant'' and ''le mouvement étudiant'', it is from the 1960s (1965), and it tends to replace the learned ''estudiantin''.^(BHVF)^(GLLF 1989)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1261 – ''Estudian''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * c. 1370 – ''Estudiant'', in Oresme.^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * Late 17th century – It replaces ''écolier'' for university students.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1789 – The feminine ''étudiante''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ * 1965 – Adjective use, ''le mouvement étudiant''.^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|student]], a person in higher education: ''étudiant en médecine'', ''carte d'étudiant''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of students: ''la vie étudiante'', ''le mouvement étudiant''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[étudier]]

+ * [[étude]]

+ * [[studieux]]

+ * [[estudiantin]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}