voix French · revision 17471

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=late 10th century, Passion de Clermont (voz)|origins=ine-pro *wṓkʷs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /vwa/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''voix''' ''f'' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''voiz'' (about 980), ''vois'' (13th century); ''voix'', with the ''x'' taken from the Latin nominative, from the late 13th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|voiz]], [[inh|la|vōx|t=voice, sound; word]] (accusative “vōcem”).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|14, 638a)^(Wiktionary) The Latin word goes back to [[itc-pro|*wōks]] and [[ine-pro|*wṓkʷs]], a root used for uttering words, with legal and religious overtones, also seen in [[sa|वाच्|tr=vā́c|t=voice]] and [[grc|ἔπος|tr=épos|t=word]].^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[ro|voce]], [[it|voce]], [[oc|votz]], [[ca|veu]], [[es|voz]] and [[pt|voz]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ At the end of the 10th century the ''Passion'' of Clermont uses ''las voz'' for the sounds produced by the human throat.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ About 1100 the ''Chanson de Roland'' uses it for the way a voice is used (''a sa voiz grand et halte'') and for the sound of horns and trumpets.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873) The song of birds is ''voiz'' about 1200, and the baying of hounds in 1678, whence ''donner de la voix'' (1758).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) From about 1170 it meant advice, a call or an order, as in ''la voix du peuple'', a calque of Latin ''vox populi''.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ In 1305 it was a rumour, and about 1370 a trained singing voice (Oresme).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The sense “vote” grew out of phrases such as ''avoir voix en chapitre'' (1558), now ''avoir voix au chapitre'', ''voix délibérative'' dates from 1690.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) In grammar, ''voix active'' and ''voix passive'' are recorded in 1636.^(TLFi) ''De vive voix'' is found in 1585.^(BHVF)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Late 10th century – ''Voz'' in the ''Passion'' of Clermont.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – The voice of horns, in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1200 – ''La douce voiz du louseignol'' in the Châtelain de Coucy.^(TLFi)

+ * 1370 – A singing voice, in Oresme.^(TLFi)

+ * 1558 – ''Avoir voix en chapitre''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1585 – ''De vive voix''.^(BHVF)

+ * 1636 – ''Voix active'' and ''voix passive''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1690 – ''Voix délibérative''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|voice]]: the sounds produced by the human throat: ''une voix grave'', ''à voix basse''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A singing voice; a singer: ''une voix de soprano''.^(TLFi)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The cry or call of an animal; the sound of an instrument or of nature.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # An inner prompting or call: ''la voix de la conscience''.^(TLFi)

+ # An opinion expressed; a [[m|en|vote]]: ''obtenir mille voix''.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''(grammar)'' The voice of a verb: ''voix active, passive''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[abat-voix]]

+ * [[porte-voix]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vocable]]

+ * [[vocabulaire]]

+ * [[vocal]]

+ * [[vocalique]]

+ * [[vocaliser]]

+ * [[vocatif]]

+ * [[vocation]]

+ * [[vociférer]]

+ * [[voyelle]]

+ * [[la|vōx]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}