mois French · revision 17437

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland|origins=ine-pro *mēn-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /mwa/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /mwɑ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''mois''' ''m'' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|meis]] (1080), [[m|fro|mois]] (about 1175, Chrétien de Troyes); Middle French ''moys''.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|meis]], [[inh|la|mēnsis|t=month, (plural) menses]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|6/1, 713a)^(Wiktionary) The Latin word first meant the lunar month: in the Indo-European languages the name of the month was at first that of the Moon, which later received other names, as [[grc|σελήνη|tr=selḗnē]] and Latin [[m|la|lūna]].^(DHLF 1992) “Mēnsis”, like [[grc|μήν|tr=mḗn|t=month]], belongs to an Indo-European word [[ine-pro|*mēn-|t=month, moon]], probably from the root of [[la|mētior|t=to measure]], the Moon being the star that measures time.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873) The same root gave [[en|moon]], [[en|month]], [[de|Mond]] and [[de|Monat]].^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|mese]], [[oc|mes]], [[ca|mes]], [[es|mes]] and [[pt|mês]].^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found as ''meis'' in the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100), meaning one of the twelve divisions of the year; about 1130–1140 Wace uses it for the months of pregnancy.^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From 1535 the plural also had the Latin sense “menses”, now archaic (''avoir ses mois'').^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) The sense “a month's pay” appears before 1614 (Brantôme), and is still current in ''être payé au mois'' and ''toucher son mois'', ''le treizième mois'', a year-end bonus, is recorded in 1959.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) ''Le mois de Marie'' is the month of May devoted to the Virgin (late 19th century).^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Meis'' in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1130–1140 – Months of pregnancy, in Wace.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1175 – The spelling ''mois'', in Chrétien de Troyes.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1535 – Plural ''mois'' “menses”, in Olivétan's Bible.^(TLFi)

+ * Before 1614 – A month's wages, in Brantôme.^(TLFi)

+ * 1959 – ''Le treizième mois''.^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|month]], one of the twelve divisions of the year: ''le mois de mai''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A period of about thirty days: ''dans trois mois''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # A month's pay or rent: ''toucher son mois'', ''le treizième mois''.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''(archaic, plural)'' [[m|en|menstruation]].^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bimensuel]]

+ * [[mensualiser]]

+ * [[mensualité]]

+ * [[mensuel]]

+ * [[mensuellement]]

+ * [[semestre]]

+ * [[semestriel]]

+ * [[trimestre]]

+ * [[trimestriel]]

+ * [[menstrues]]

+ * [[la|mēnsis]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Mois'' is invariable: ''un mois'', ''des mois''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}