jeter French · revision 17417

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 881, Séquence de sainte Eulalie|origins=la iaciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ʒə.te/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Louisiana): /ʃte/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Louisiana): /ʒe.te/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''jeter'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French ''getter'' (881), [[m|fro|jeter]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|jeter]], [[inh|la-vul|*iectō]], an altered form of classical [[m|la|iactō|t=to throw, toss]], after compounds such as [[m|la|iniectō]], the frequentative of [[m|la|iaciō|t=to throw]] (see [[gésir]]).^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(FEW|5, 12b)^(Wiktionary) The Latin verb belongs to an Indo-European root “*yē-” “to throw”, also seen in [[grc|ἵημι|tr=híēmi|t=to send, throw]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|gettare]], [[ca|gitar]] and [[pt|geitar]]; [[es|echar]] continues “iactāre”.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie'' (about 881) in the sense “to push violently, hurl (into)”: the saint is thrown into the fire.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ By the end of the 10th century it meant “to drive out”, first with an adverb meaning “outside”, then alone (1130); ''jeter le sort'' “to cast lots” (about 980) became ''jeter un sort'' “to cast a spell” (1549), and ''le sort en est jeté'' dates from 1636.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Reflexive ''se jeter'' “to rush” is in the ''Vie de saint Léger''; of a river reaching the sea it is found in 1751.^(TLFi)

+

+ The ''Chanson de Roland'' uses it for putting something down hastily (about 1100).^(TLFi) Figurative uses include ''jeter dans l'embarras'' (1568), ''se jeter dans'' “to throw oneself into (a task)” (Du Bellay, 1549) and ''jeter un coup d'œil''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 881 – ''Getter'' in the ''Séquence de sainte Eulalie''.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ * c. 980 – ''Jeter le sort''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * Late 10th century – “To drive out”, in the ''Passion'' of Clermont.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1100 – In the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1549 – ''Jeter un sort'' “to cast a spell”.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1636 – ''Le sort en est jeté''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1751 – Of a river flowing into the sea.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|throw]], toss: ''jeter une balle'', ''jeter l'éponge''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To throw away, discard: ''jeter à la poubelle''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To put or drop hastily: ''jeter un manteau sur ses épaules''.^(TLFi)

+ # To throw out, expel; to throw into a state: ''jeter dans l'embarras''.^(TLFi)

+ # To give out, utter: ''jeter un cri'', ''jeter un coup d'œil'', ''jeter un sort'', to cast a spell.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''Se jeter'': to throw oneself, rush; of a river, to flow into.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[jet]]

+ * [[jetable]]

+ * [[rejeter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[projeter]]

+ * [[gésir]]

+ * [[la|iactō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}