autour French · revision 17389

+ French has two words spelled ''autour'': the adverb ''autour'' “around”, formed from ''au'' and ''tour'', and the noun ''autour'' “goshawk”, inherited from Latin.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

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+ {{homograph|1|around}}

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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 1200 (adverb); late 14th century (autour de)}}

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+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /o.tuʁ/^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Forms==

+ '''autour'''^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Etymology==

+ The adverb is formed from [[au]] and [[tour]] “circuit, turn”, and replaced Old French [[m|fro|entor]] (see [[entour]], [[alentour]]).^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|13/2, 54a) “Tour” in this sense is formed on [[tourner]], from [[la|tornō|t=to turn on a lathe]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The Grand Robert dates the adverb to about 1200 and the preposition ''autour de'' to the end of the 14th century, Bloch and Wartburg give 1375 for the adverb.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Littré gives ''autour de'' the senses “round” (''tourner autour de la montagne''), “near, about a person” and “approximately”.^(Littré 1873) Figurative uses include ''tourner autour du pot'' “to beat about the bush” and ''autour de lui'' “among the people around him”.^(Petit Robert 2007)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1200 – The adverb.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 1375 – Bloch and Wartburg's date for the adverb.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+ * Late 14th century – ''Autour de''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|around]], round about: ''tout autour''.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

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+ ===Preposition===

+ # ''Autour de'': around, round: ''autour de la table''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # ''Autour de'': among the people near: ''autour de moi''.^(Littré 1873)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''Autour de'': about, [[m|en|approximately]]: ''autour de cent euros''.^(Littré 1873)

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+ {{homograph|2|goshawk}}

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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (ostur)|origins=la accipiter}}

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+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /o.tuʁ/^(Wiktionary)

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+ ==Forms==

+ '''autour''' ''m'' (plural autours)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|ostur]], ''hostur'' (1080), ''ostoir'', ''authoure'' (1398), ''autour'' from the 15th century.^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(GLLF 1989)

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+ ==Etymology==

+ The goshawk is [[inh|fro|ostur]], [[inh|la-lat|auceptor]], an altered form of [[m|la-lat|acceptor]], itself from classical [[la|accipiter|t=hawk]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|24, 72a) According to Bloch and Wartburg, “acceptor” was remade after derivatives of [[m|la|capiō|t=to take]] and then attracted by [[m|la-lat|aucepitor|t=bird-catcher]] (classical [[m|la|auceps]]), a fitting name for a bird of prey.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) The ending “-our” is irregular, “-eur” being expected: it may be due to [[vautour]] or to the written language.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989) Littré preferred a Latin “*asturius”, from Asturias.^(Littré 1873)

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+ Cognate with [[it|astore]], [[pro|austor]], [[es|azor]] and [[pt|açor]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Littré 1873)

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+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found as ''ostur'' in the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100).^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

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+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Bloch and Wartburg note that the word was little used after the 15th century and is now mostly literary; falconry distinguished birds taken in the nest, on the branch or in the net.^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(TLFi)

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+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Ostur'' in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1398 – ''Authoure''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

+ * 15th century – The form ''autour''.^(Grand Robert 2005)

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+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|goshawk]], a bird of prey close to the [[m|en|sparrowhawk]], used in [[m|en|falconry]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

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+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tour]]

+ * [[entour]]

+ * [[alentour]]

+ * [[entourer]]

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+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}