emmener French · revision 17353

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland|origins=la minor}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɑ̃.m(ə).ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''emmener'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|enmener]] and [[m|fro|enmeiner]], Anglo-Norman also wrote ''enmesner''.^(GLLF 1989)^(AND)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|en-|mener|t2=to lead]], the prefix being the Old French adverb of place “en” “from there, away”.^(TLFi)^(GLLF 1989)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|6/2, 109a) In Old French the adverb could still stand apart from the verb, as in “quant ele en fu menée” (“when she was led away”) in “Berte”.^(Littré 1873)

+

+ “Mener” continues [[la-vul|minō|t=to drive animals along by shouting]], from [[la|minor|t=to threaten]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100), meaning to lead someone away from where one is to another place: ''Ses meillors homes enmeine ensemble od sei'' (“he takes his best men away with him”).^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense of taking people or animals along has stayed central since Old French, Wace has the form ''enmener'' in 1155.^(TLFi) Michelet uses it in 1831 of a leader carrying his men forward with authority, the source of the military and sporting use (''les avants étaient bien emmenés'').^(TLFi)^(Petit Robert 2007) The GLLF dates this sense to Vigny, before 1863.^(GLLF 1989) George Sand has a figurative use in 1839 and Maxime Du Camp, in 1853, the sense of being carried away in thought.^(TLFi)

+

+ Usage now keeps ''emmener'' for people and animals and ''emporter'' for things.^(Le Robert)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Em meinet'' in the ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1155 – The form ''enmener'' in Wace's ''Brut''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1831 – Michelet uses it of a leader driving his men forward.^(TLFi)

+ * 1839 – A figurative use in George Sand's ''Lélia''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1853 – “To carry away in thought”, in Maxime Du Camp.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To take (a person or animal) along when going from one place to another: ''j'emmène mon chien''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # To take someone somewhere: ''emmener des amis au théâtre'', ''je vous emmène dîner''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(military, sport)'' To lead forward with [[m|en|drive]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(TLFi)

+ # (of a vehicle) To carry, [[m|en|transport]] far off: ''l'avion qui emmène les voyageurs''.^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To carry off in thought or imagination.^(GLLF 1989)^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[remmener]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[amener]]

+ * [[apporter]]

+ * [[emporter]]

+ * [[mener]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}