six French · revision 17281

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland|origins=ine-pro *swéḱs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /sis/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /si.z‿/^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA: /si/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''six''' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ Old French [[m|fro|sis]] (1080); ''six'' from the 13th or late 14th century (Eustache Deschamps).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|sis]], [[inh|la|sex|t=six]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(FEW|11, 554a) Wiktionary traces the Latin numeral to [[ine-pro|*swéḱs]].^(Wiktionary) Rey compares [[grc|ἕξ|tr=héx]], [[got|𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃|tr=saihs]] and [[sa|षष्|tr=ṣáṭ]]; [[cy|chwech]] supposes an initial /sw/.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|sei]], [[es|seis]] and [[pt|seis]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) Gualter kills six of the Spaniards: ''E Gualter .VI. e l'arcevesque .V.''^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a noun it named the six on a die (13th century), a playing card (1636, earlier in 1571) and the double six in dominoes (1792).^(DHLF 1992)^(BHVF) It is used for the sixth day of a month (Retz, 1669) and as an ordinal (''Charles six'', 1871).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) ''À la six-quatre-deux'' “any old how” is recorded by Delvau in 1867; its origin is not clear.^(DHLF 1992) The cycling ''Six Jours'' date from before 1922, and the ''guerre des Six Jours'' from 1967.^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)

+

+ Wiktionary notes that the three pronunciations of ''six'' (/si/ before a consonant, /siz/ before a vowel, /sis/ at a pause) are a remnant of the Old and Middle French treatment of final ⟨s⟩ and ⟨x⟩.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''VI'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1120 – ''Sis'', ''Voyage of Saint Brendan''.^(TLFi)

+ * 13th century – The six of a die.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1636 – A playing card.^(BHVF)

+ * 1867 – ''À la six-quatre-deux''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1967 – The Six-Day War.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|six]]: ''six ans'', ''à six heures''.^(Wiktionary)^(TLFi)

+ # ''(as an ordinal)'' Sixth: ''page six'', ''Charles six''.^(Littré 1873)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The number six; the figure 6.^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+ # The six of dice, cards or dominoes: ''le six de cœur''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Littré 1873)

+ # The sixth day of the month: ''le six juillet''.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sixième]]

+ * [[sizain]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[seize]]

+ * [[soixante]]

+ * [[hexagone]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}