nez French · revision 17259

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 1100, Chanson de Roland (nés)|origins=la nāsus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ne/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nez''' ''m'' (invariable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Old French [[m|fro|nés]] (1080); the spelling ''nez'' is found in 1314 (Mondeville).^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|fro|nés]], [[inh|la|nāsus|t=nose; sense of smell; mockery; spout of a vessel]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|7, 30a) Like [[m|la|nārēs|t=nostrils]], the Latin word contains an Indo-European root for “nose”, Wiktionary's [[ine-pro|*néh₂s]], seen also in [[de|Nase]], [[en|nose]] and [[ru|нос|tr=nos]].^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+

+ Cognate with [[it|naso]], [[pro|nas]], [[ca|nas]] and [[ro|nas]].^(Petit Robert 2007)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Chanson de Roland'' (about 1100) a sword splits a helmet down to the nose-guard and ''trenchet le nés e la buche e les denz'' “cuts the nose, the mouth and the teeth”.^(TLFi)^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Like other names of sense organs, ''nez'' went into many phrases: ''pendre devant le nés'' “to threaten” (1121–34, later ''pendre au nez''), ''tirer les vers du nez'' (late 15th century), ''se laisser mener par le nez'' (1559), ''ne pas regarder plus loin que le bout de son nez'' (1585), ''faire un pied de nez'' (1640).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) The 19th century added ''à vue de nez'' (1821), ''se manger le nez'' (1857) and ''avoir un verre dans le nez'' (1934).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992) In many phrases it stands for the face or the person: ''fermer la porte au nez'' (1585), ''nez à nez'' (1660).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi)

+

+ By metonymy it is the sense of smell (in hunting, 1572) and flair (''avoir bon nez'', 1587), and today also a perfume creator.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) By likeness it names a ship's bow (1573), a headland (1831) and the nose of an aircraft: ''piquer du nez'' (1911).^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1100 – ''Nés'', ''Chanson de Roland''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1121–34 – ''Pendre devant le nés'' “to threaten”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1559 – ''Se laisser mener par le nez'', Amyot.^(TLFi)

+ * 1572 – The sense of smell, in hunting.^(TLFi)

+ * 1640 – ''Faire un pied de nez'', Oudin.^(TLFi)

+ * 1821 – ''À vue de nez''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1911 – ''Piquer du nez'', of an aircraft.^(TLFi)

+ * 1934 – ''Avoir un verre dans le nez'', Montherlant.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|nose]]: ''se moucher le nez'', ''saigner du nez''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The sense of [[m|en|smell]]; [[m|en|flair]]: ''avoir du nez'', ''avoir le nez fin''.^(Larousse)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # A perfumer, a creator of perfumes.^(Wiktionary)

+ # The face; the person: ''fermer la porte au nez de quelqu'un'', ''nez à nez'', face to face, ''au nez et à la barbe de'', under the nose of.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The front part of something: the bow of a ship, the nose of an aircraft; a [[m|en|headland]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # Set phrases: ''mener par le bout du nez'', to lead by the nose, ''tirer les vers du nez'', to worm information out of, ''avoir quelqu'un dans le nez'', to be unable to stand someone, ''ça lui pend au nez'', it's coming to him.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[naseau]]

+ * [[nasiller]]

+ * [[nasillard]]

+ * [[nasarde]]

+ * [[pince-nez]]

+ * [[cache-nez]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[narille]]

+ * [[narine]]

+ * [[nasal]]

+ * [[renâcler]]

+ * [[la|nāsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}