enlever French · revision 17256

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=1130–60, Couronnement de Louis (en lever)|origins=la levō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɑ̃l.ve/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''enlever'''^(Wiktionary)

+ Written ''en lever'' in two words in the 12th century.^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is a compound [[af|fr|en|lever|t1=away, from there|t2=to raise]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(Grand Robert 2005)^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)^(FEW|5, 274a) “En” is the adverb of place, from [[la|inde|t=from there]], and [[lever]] is from [[m|la|levō|t=to raise, lift]].^(Bloch & Wartburg 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ Compare [[pro|enlevar]].^(Littré 1873)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In the ''Couronnement de Louis'' (1130–60), ''tu l'en levas'', it means to lift up from where one was.^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From “to move upward” came “to remove, take away” (13th century) and “to carry off with one” (about 1215).^(DHLF 1992) In the 16th century it was used for abducting a person (1538, ''enlever une femme'') and for taking a place by assault (1571–73).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) The 17th century added death carrying someone off (1635), carrying people away with enthusiasm (Madame de Sévigné, 1671: ''un plaisir qui m'enlève''), winning a prize quickly (1684) and removing a stain (1690).^(DHLF 1992)^(TLFi) Goods that sell fast ''s'enlèvent'' (1771); a piece of music is ''enlevé'' when played with brio (1838), and ''enlever un vêtement'' “to take off” is 20th-century.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1130–60 – ''En lever'' “to lift”, ''Couronnement de Louis''.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1215 – “To carry off with one”.^(TLFi)

+ * 13th century – “To remove”.^(TLFi)

+ * 1531 – ''Enlèvement''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1538 – To abduct, Robert Estienne.^(TLFi)

+ * 1573 – To take by assault.^(TLFi)

+ * 1671 – “To enrapture”, Madame de Sévigné.^(TLFi)

+ * 1838 – ''Enlevé'' “played with brio”.^(TLFi)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|remove]], take away, take off: ''enlever une tache'', ''enlever son manteau''.^(Wiktionary)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # To [[m|en|kidnap]], abduct: ''enlever un enfant''.^(Wiktionary)^(Larousse)

+ # To win, carry off; to capture: ''enlever la victoire'', ''enlever une position''.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # To deprive of: ''cela m'enlève tout espoir''.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007)

+ # ''(literary)'' To lift, raise; to carry away with enthusiasm.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # To play or perform with dash: ''enlever un morceau''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Le Robert)

+ # ''S'enlever'': to come off, wash out.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[enlèvement]]

+ * [[enlevé]]

+ * [[enlevage]]

+ * [[enleveur]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lever]]

+ * [[soulever]]

+ * [[élever]]

+ * [[ôter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}