village French · revision 17235

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1385, Eustache Deschamps (villaige)|origins=la villa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /vi.laʒ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''village''' ''m'' (plural villages)^(Wiktionary)

+ [[la-med|villagium]] in 1235, ''villaige'' (1385), ''village'' (about 1390, Froissart).^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|fr|ville|-age]], from Old and Middle French “vil(l)e” in its old sense “farm, rural estate”, from [[la|villa|t=country house, farm]].^(TLFi)^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989)^(Grand Robert 2005) Wiktionary and Littré derive it from [[la-med|villāticum]].^(Wiktionary)^(Littré 1873) Old and Middle French had other derivatives of “ville” in the same sense, such as “vilel” and “vilele”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ Compare [[pro|vilatge]] and [[it|villaggio]], which Meyer-Lübke takes from Occitan.^(Littré 1873)^(REW 1935)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found as ''villaige'' in Eustache Deschamps' ''Miroir de mariage'' (1385), and as ''village'' in Froissart's chronicles (about 1390), for a group of rural dwellings.^(TLFi)^(Grand Robert 2005)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A village is large enough to have a life of its own, unlike a hamlet.^(DHLF 1992)^(Petit Robert 2007) About 1360 it was also used for the villagers themselves, a sense that disappeared, though ''le village'' still means all its inhabitants (1694).^(DHLF 1992)^(GLLF 1989) Figurative phrases include ''être bien de son village'' “to be naive” (1611) and ''coq de village'' (1549).^(GLLF 1989)^(DHLF 1992) In African French ''village'' names any farming settlement, even a large one, and one's ''village'' is one's origin; in Louisiana it means any town other than New Orleans.^(DHLF 1992)^(Wiktionary) The derivative [[villageois]] dates from about 1500.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1235 – Medieval Latin ''villagium''.^(TLFi)

+ * 1385 – ''Villaige'', Eustache Deschamps.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1390 – ''Village'', Froissart.^(TLFi)

+ * c. 1500 – ''Villageois''.^(DHLF 1992)

+ * 1611 – ''Être bien de son village'', Cotgrave.^(GLLF 1989)

+ * 1694 – “The inhabitants of a village”.^(DHLF 1992)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|village]]: ''un petit village de montagne'', ''l'église du village''.^(Petit Robert 2007)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The inhabitants of a village: ''tout le village est en émoi''.^(Larousse)^(GLLF 1989)

+ # A holiday or leisure complex: ''village de vacances'', ''village de toile''.^(Larousse)

+ # ''(Louisiana)'' A town.^(Wiktionary)^(DHLF 1992)

+ # ''L'idiot du village'': the village idiot.^(GLLF 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[villageois]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ville]]

+ * [[villa]]

+ * [[vilain]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}